ZYS WIND TURBINE BEARINGS

In recent years, wind power in emerging markets around the world has developed rapidly. 

Against the backdrop of national policy support and tight energy supply, China's wind power 

equipment manufacturing industry has risen rapidly, and the market demand for wind power 

equipment has grown rapidly, which has also driven the development of wind turbine bearings.

Bearings are the core components of wind turbines. Wind turbine bearings range from bearings used in blades, main shafts and yaws to high speed bearings used in gearboxes and 

generators.

Main features of wind turbine bearings:

1. Bad use environment.

2. High maintenance cost.

3. High requirement of service life.

Bearings for wind turbines mainly include yaw bearings, pitch bearings, spindle bearings, 

gearbox bearings, and generator bearings. 

Generator bearing

Bearing type: deep groove ball bearings, angular contact bearings.

Working conditions: high speed (1000-1500rpm), high temperature (90-120 °C) heavy load.

Grease requirements: excellent shear stability, good oxidation stability, good wear resistance, 

excellent low temperature start-up performance.

Spindle bearing

Bearing type: tapered roller bearing, spherical bearing.

Working conditions: low speed (<25rpm), wide temperature range, heavy load, vibration, high humidity.

Grease requirements: excellent wear resistance, good oxidation stability, excellent low 

temperature start-up performance, good water resistance and so on.

Pitch/yaw bearing

Bearing type: four point contact ball bearing

Working conditions: wide temperature range, heavy load, vibration, high humidity.

Grease requirements: excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance, excellent low 

temperature start-up performance, good water resistance, good oxidation stability, etc.

Each wind turbine equipment has 1 set of yaw bearing and 3 sets of pitch bearing (not 

equipped for the wind turbine below MW), 3 sets of generator bearings (deep groove ball 

bearings, cylindrical roller bearings), 2 sets of spindle bearings (spheroidal roller bearings), 

totally 9 sets.

In addition, there are also gearbox bearings. The gearbox has three structural forms. The first 

type requires 15 sets of bearings, the second type requires 18 sets of bearings, and the third form requires 23 sets of bearings. Thus, the average number of wind turbine bearings is 27 sets.

The structural forms of bearings for wind turbines mainly include four point contact ball bearings, cross roller bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, spherical roller bearings, and deep groove 

ball bearings. The yaw bearing is installed at the connection between the tower and the 

cockpit, and the pitch bearing is installed at the joint of the root of each blade and the hub.

Wind power bearing production process

1. Control the forging temperature.

2. Control the modulation process to ensure the mechanical properties.

3. Control the depth of the intermediate frequency quench hardened layer on the surface.

4. Avoid micro cracks on the surface.

How much do you know about wind turbine bearing?

In recent years, wind power in emerging markets around the world has developed rapidly. Against the backdrop of national policy support and tight energy supply, China's wind power equipment manufacturing industry has risen rapidly, and the market demand for wind power equipment has grown rapidly, which has also driven the development of wind turbine bearings.
Bearings are the core components of wind turbines. Wind turbine bearings range from bearings used in blades, main shafts and yaws to high speed bearings used in gearboxes and generators
Main features of wind turbine bearings
1. Bad use environment.
2. High maintenance cost.
3. High requirement of service life.
Bearings for wind turbines mainly include yaw bearings, pitch bearings, spindle bearings, gearbox bearings, and generator bearings.
Generator bearing
Bearing type: deep groove ball bearings, angular contact bearings.
Working conditions: high speed (1000-1500rpm), high temperature (90-120 °C) heavy load.
Grease requirements: excellent shear stability, good oxidation stability, good wear resistance, excellent low temperature start-up performance.
Spindle bearing
Bearing type: tapered roller bearing, spherical bearing.
Working conditions: low speed (<25rpm), wide temperature range, heavy load, vibration, high humidity.
Grease requirements: excellent wear resistance, good oxidation stability, excellent low temperature start-up performance, good water resistance and so on.
Pitch/yaw bearing
Bearing type: four point contact ball bearing
Working conditions: wide temperature range, heavy load, vibration, high humidity.
Grease requirements: excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance, excellent low temperature start-up performance, good water resistance, good oxidation stability, etc.
Each wind turbine equipment has 1 set of yaw bearing and 3 sets of pitch bearing (not equipped for the wind turbine below MW), 3 sets of generator bearings (deep groove ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings), 2 sets of spindle bearings (spheroidal roller bearings), totally 9 sets.
In addition, there are also gearbox bearings. The gearbox has three structural forms. The first type requires 15 sets of bearings, the second type requires 18 sets of bearings, and the third form requires 23 sets of bearings. Thus, the average number of wind turbine bearings is 27 sets.
The structural forms of bearings for wind turbines mainly include four point contact ball bearings, cross roller bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, spherical roller bearings, and deep groove ball bearings. The yaw bearing is installed at the connection between the tower and the cockpit, and the pitch bearing is installed at the joint of the root of each blade and the hub.
Wind power bearing production process
1. Control the forging temperature.
2. Control the modulation process to ensure the mechanical properties.
3. Control the depth of the intermediate frequency quench hardened layer on the surface.
4. Avoid micro cracks on the surface.
The cleaning process of wind power bearing:
1. Inspection of forging blank
2. Rough turning
3. Finish turning
4. Molding finish turning
5. Heat treatment
6. Gear-hobbing and gear-milling processing
7. During drilling, according to customer requirements, it can be treated with blue, phosphating and vulcanization.
8. Rough grinding and fine grinding
9. Demagnetization, cleaning, assembly, surface coating, grease filling,packaging

Classification of bearings by working principle

Classification of bearings by working principle


The bearing type is the bearing type used by the air cooling radiator fan. In mechanical engineering,  Four-Row Taper Roller Bearing the type of bearing is very much, but used in the radiator products bearing the form in accordance with the basic working principle of the classification so three using sliding sleeve bearing sleeve bearing and rolling friction of the ball bearings (ball bearing) and two bearings form with the use of the three hybrid.

Major radiator manufacturers in bearings with the launch of the new technology in recent years, such as magnetic bearing, fluid protection system bearings, hydraulic bearings, rifle bearing, fatigue testing machine nano ceramic bearing are also on the above the basic form of bearings improved, basic working principle is no change.

Three kinds of bearing forms,Sleeve Bearing,Ball Bearing and two kinds of bearing forms mixed

The bearing type is the bearing type used by the air cooling radiator fan. In mechanical engineering, the type of bearing is very much, Wind turbine bearing but used in the radiator products bearing the form in accordance with the basic working principle of the classification so three using sliding sleeve bearing sleeve bearing and rolling friction of the ball bearings (ball bearing) and two bearings form with the use of the three hybrid.

Ball bearing changed the bearing friction, rolling friction is adopted, the more effectively reduces the friction phenomenon between the bearing surface, effectively enhance the service life of the fan bearing, high speed bearing and therefore will prolong the service life of the radiator. The disadvantage is that the process is more complex, resulting in higher cost, but also bring higher working noise.

Angular contact ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings under load

Always bearing the opposite direction of the axial load, mounting angular contact ball bearings. Machine tool spindle angle contact ball bearing contact angle for 15 degrees and 25 degrees two kinds, Wind turbine bearing the contact angle of 15 degrees for high speed, axial load is small.

Cylindrical roller bearings can bear large radial load, can not bear the axial load. Single and double row cylindrical roller bearings, sealed angular contact ball bearing precision machine tool spindle is the most common cylindrical roller bearing inner hole with 1:12 taper double row cylindrical roller bearings NN30K (old code 3182) series.

Lubricant and application of wind turbine bearing

Wind turbine bearing lubricant is special organic thickener thickening synthetic oil, and add a variety of high-performance additives and refined oil.

Wind turbine bearing lubricant characteristics,
Excellent high temperature performance, especially high-temperature performance particularly advantageous;
Excellent water resistance, rust resistance and oxidation resistance;
Good oxidation resistance, sealed angular contact ball bearing to ensure long-term performance at high temperatures;
Good corrosion resistance, to ensure that the bearing parts are not corroded.

Applications,
Fan bearing lubricant for high temperature, high or cold temperature zone and field work over rolling bearings above 200 ℃ wide temperature range work. Such as air motors, electrical, clutch thrust bearings, high temperature fan, racing wheel bearings, plastic stretching tenter, polyester heat setting machine, resin finishing machine, molten salt pump motor, Cross roller bearing loop steamer machine, high temperature dyeing tanks, steam it machine, shrink machines and other high-temperature operation running bearing lubrication.

Temperature range, -60 ℃ ~ + 250 ℃, short-term up to 300 ℃.

Dust into the wind turbine bearing,increasing noise

In recent years, the major bearing manufacturers in terms of the radiator's new technology, Wind turbine bearing , such as magnetic bearings, water bearing, bearing core, to Fu bearings are also on top of the basic forms of bearings made to improve the operation of the principle did not change .

Ordinary air-cooled radiator oil bearings and ball bearings are mainly used.And this bearings over time, due to the oil seal (computer radiator products are impossible to use high-grade seals, generally is ordinary paper seals), insert ball bearing ,oil will gradually evaporate and dust will enter the bearing, causing the fan slow speed, noise increases and other issues, but also because of a serious bearing wear caused by severe vibration caused by eccentric fan. These phenomena, Deep groove ball bearing either open seal refueling, or to purchase another new fan only eliminated.

Crossed roller bearings internal structure was 90 ° roller arranged perpendicular cross

Crossed roller Wind turbine bearing internal structure was 90 ° roller arranged perpendicular cross,
Spacing between rollers fitted retainer or isolation block to prevent roll-tilt roller mill mutual observation between child, effectively preventing the increase in rotational torque. Further, one of the rollers does not occur or the latch-up phenomenon of the contact; same time as the inner and outer ring is a split structure, the gap can be adjusted even if the preload is applied, can be obtained with high accuracy rotation.
2, the operation simplifies installation
Divided into two parts of the outer or inner ring, and after loading the roller holder is fixed together, so when you install operation is very simple.
3, bear large axial and radial loads
Because the rollers are arranged vertically spaced retainer by 90 ° to each other in a V-shaped groove raceway, this design makes cross roller bearings can withstand higher radial load, axial load and moment load and all load direction.
4, substantial savings in installation space
Small, thin structure of particular cross-roller bearing inner and outer rings is a minimum size is close to the limit of small size, and has high rigidity, so the most suitable for the joints of an industrial robot or a rotary portion of the rotary machining center versatile table, robot rotating part, precision rotary tables, medical equipment, measuring instruments, IC manufacturing devices.
High 5 speed capability
Reducing the length of the shaft 6 and the processing cost, result in a limited thermal expansion changes the geometry

Wind turbine bearing's Embalmed

Wind turbine bearing's Embalmed
Wind turbine equipment in the field work, and yaw, pitch Wind turbine bearing part is bare, exposed, and will be subject to air pollution and high humidity may cause corrosion bearing matrix, therefore, exposed bare yaw and pitch bearings site requirements for surface corrosion treatment, commonly used galvanized. If necessary, external galvanized layer paint protection treatment.
(1) generating capacity comparison: magnet synchronous technology of its units wide speed range, at low wind power generation has certain advantages, but its full power frequency characteristics of wind speed leads to increase its power generation capacity advantage will cause the inverter loss rapidly increases.
(2) Cost Comparison: permanent magnet synchronous technology, while reducing or eliminating the gearbox cost, but its generator and full-power converter technology is more expensive than in the double-fed.
(3) THD:. Permanent magnet synchronous technology used in its full power conversion system THD is very high, you must use the harmonic filter. The double-fed unit in THD can be controlled under the former.

optimize the capital structure wind turbine bearing possible.

In recent years, the Northwest bearing liabilities has been running at a high state. As of December 31, 2013, the company's gearing ratio was 73.86%, current ratio was 0.98, quick ratio was 0.66. Higher debt levels, making certain the Northwest bearing debt risk. Recent taper roller bearing Northwest bearing non-public offering plan, will allow the company to reduce debt levels, optimize the capital structure possible.
Northwest bearing release of "non-public offering of A shares plan" and a major shareholder of petrochemical Thin section bearing pagoda released "acquisition report" shows that the price the company will be 4.81 yuan / share issuance stone pagoda directed to 124,740,125 shares, raising wind turbine bearing total funds 60,000.00 million. Net of issuance costs, giving priority to investment projects of high-end bearings 40,000.00 million surplus does not exceed 20,000.00 million used to supplement working capital.
The company said, assuming that the non-public issue of the successful completion of the program, the largest shareholder after 600 million fund in place, not only the company's asset-liability ratio will significantly reduce the current ratio and quick ratio will be Wind turbine bearing significantly improved, can effectively improve the ability to resist risks, as the company's long-term steady development and lay a solid foundation. At the same time, raised $ 400 million in gold investments for the construction of the bearing industry, "second Five Year Plan" key recommendation of the product categories, including petrochemical equipment bearings, bearing metallurgical equipment, mining machinery and equipment bearing as the representative of large bearings to high-end motor bearings are precision bearings representative to subway cars, as represented Bahn rail vehicle bearing. Implementation of the project can significantly improve the company's profitability, and achieved good social benefits.

It is understood , HRB400E test seismic reinforcement steel is rolling

Tonghua Iron and Steel Group has successfully developed high-speed wire production HRB400E
November 21 , Tonghua Iron and Steel Group, Shougang Tonghua Steel new line of high-speed wire rod plant produced a total HRB400E8 mm rebar 42 99.7 tons , HRB400E8 mm rebar development and production won success.
It is understood , HRB400E test seismic reinforcement steel is rolling temperature requirements are  very strict , is a newly developed product is currently being pilot production   phase. The production is the fourth year the plant rolling, rolling is the largest number of the best one , spinning temperature for the first time dropped to 900 ℃, changing the spinning temperature is not lower than the previous record of 1000 ℃ .
In the production process of organizing high precision bearing , the plant production department and rolling rolling workshop related personnel to develop a reasonable program , repeatedly revised operating points , follow the guidance and technical personnel on-site , requiring workers reasonably controlled roller speed, to ensure open rolling Wind turbine bearing temperature , temperature and spinning into the finishing temperature , to strengthen the mill grooves , guide and guard the entrance examination , timely adjustment of the finished wire size , seismic steel products to ensure customers' dimensional accuracy requirements to ensure the quality of pruning to ensure end to end water cooling and defective parts are not all clean and trim so storage product quality to meet market and customer needs.
It is reported that the feedback from the technical center sampling data, the indicators uniformity , yield strength and tensile strength to meet quality requirements.

SKF distributor in China with your look (GBC) General Bearing Company

 According to aspects of SKF bearings distributor in China, the world's leading bearings, seals, mechatronics, services and lubrication systems suppliers - Swedish SKF Group in February 13, 2012 announced a $ 125 million acquisition of New York-based GBC bearings (General Bearing Co., Ltd.). Acquisition (GBC) General Bearing Company in full compliance with SKF (SKF) use other brand product lines complement development strategy to further strengthen SKF (SKF) brand in other areas not covered by the market growth.
"I am honored to be joining SKF Group expects will be able to accelerate the profitable growth of the bearing business, we emphasize the economic benefits of overseas production, General Bearing Corporation (GBC) in China's successful track record will make the SKF Group unleashed, can Help SKF better serve these important markets. "General insert ball bearing Co., Ltd. (GBC), Mr. Chairman and CEO David Gussack talked about in this acquisition.
General Wind turbine bearing Co., Ltd. will serve as SKF (SKF), a subsidiary of the Group to continue to operate independently. SKF acquired General Bearing Co., Ltd. (GBC), whose main brand is General and Hyatt, General Bearing Company, under the leadership of Mr. David Gussack use of their factories in China for the U.S. automotive market and heavy marketing services, business development quite successful .
SKF distributor in China with your look (GBC) General Bearing Company: GBC was established in 1955, headquartered in the United States 纽约西奈阿克 (West Nyack); in China has four factories: where a ball bearing factory, two home tapered roller bearings factories and a precision roller factory; total 1,750 employees, of which the United States 140, China 1,610 names; 2011 period, GBC expected sales of about $ 155 million, and its operating margin and Skye Rover Group considerably. General Bearing Corporation (GBC) focus on its service industry supporting customers (OEM) and end-user capabilities, especially in trucks, trailers, automotive and industrial markets.

25VA following micro-power. Different transmission power

Double row tapered roller wind turbine bearing outer (or inner) as a whole. Two inner (or outer) face close to the middle spacers, clearance by the thickness of the spacer to adjust, and can also be used to adjust the thickness of spacer double row tapered roller bearings are preloaded.
Tapered roller bearings mainly bear radial diameter and axial joint load. Load bearing capacity depends on the outer ring raceway angle, angle greater carrying capacity. These bearings are separable bearings, rolling bearing according to the number of rows into single row, double row and four row tapered roller bearings. Single row tapered roller bearing clearance to be adjusted during installation the user; double row and four row tapered roller bearing clearance in the factory according to user requirements is given, not to be user adjusted.
Tapered roller bearings have tapered inner and outer ring raceway, Tapered Roller arranged in between. All conical surface projection lines are the same point on the bearing axis together. This design makes tapered roller bearings particularly suitable for combined (radial and axial) loads. Most of the axial load bearing capacity is determined by the contact angle α; α angle increases, the higher the axial load capacity. Angle size calculation factor e; e larger the contact angle the greater the Slewing bearing axial load greater applicability.
Tapered roller bearings are usually separated type, namely the belt roller and cage assembly of inner components can be composed with tapered conical outer inner (outer) installed separately.
Tapered roller bearings are widely used in automotive, mill, mining, metallurgy, plastics machinery and other industries.
Power transformer is the function of power transmission, voltage conversion and insulation isolation, as a major soft magnetic components, power supply technology and power electronics technology has been widely used. According to the size of the power transmission, power transformers can be divided into several files: 10kVA above for high-power, 10kVA ~ 0.5kVA to medium power, 0.5kVA ~ 25VA for the low-power, 25VA following micro-power. Different transmission power, power transformer design are not the same, it should be self-evident. It was based on its main function is to power transmission, the English name "Power Transformers" translated as "Power Transformer", in many literature is still in use. What is called "power transformer" or called "Power Transformer" is good? Pending technology terminology of authority to choose and decide.
In almost all electronic products should be used, it is simple in principle but according to different occasions (for different purposes) of the transformer winding process will be different requirements. The main function of the transformer: voltage conversion; impedance transformation; isolation; regulator (magnetic saturation transformers), etc., the general shape of the iron core transformer used with the E-and C-type core.
A transformer ---- stationary electromagnetic devices
A voltage-transformer can be converted into AC power with the frequency of another voltage AC power
The main components of the voltage is set in a core and two windings on the core.
Transformer
A coil connected to a power receiving AC power, is called the primary winding, also known as the primary winding.
A coil connected to the load, send AC power, is called the secondary winding, also known as the secondary winding.
The primary winding of the secondary winding
Voltage phasor voltage phasors U1 U2
Current phasor current phasor I1 I2
Emf emf phasor phasor E1 E2
Turns turns N1

More than 1,250 patent applications

 Schaeffler Group's Executive Management wind turbine earing Member responsible for worldwide product development techniques, Dr. Peter Piot, Gutzmer that "this innovative strength, is the mainstay of the company, the Schaeffler Group's solid foundation in more than 60 different industrial sector gives us the opportunity hardly any other company can transfer our expertise and introduce a new solution and our customers, the automotive industry will benefit from this. "

        For example, the Schaeffler focused on efforts to develop new developments aimed at more efficient use of resources. A recent example is the MultiAir valve train is completely changed. Developed by the Schaeffler Group and Fiat Powertrain, this is the first time to our customers at the Geneva Motor Show. At the same time strengthen the power, and the traditional car, the result is reduced by up to per cent of fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions.

        More than 1,250 patent clutch bearing  patents annually about 1470 troops, the Schaeffler Group has been the industry innovation PIO - neers. 5,200 employees in 30 global R & D centers work in the new powertrain solutions machines and vehicles. In the automotive sector, the product range includes components and systems for engines, transmissions and chassis applications, and application in the industrial sector, ranging from wind turbines and production machinery all the way through medical equipment.

everywhere within the energy prints. Since 2009

Fuda Bearing everywhere tapping the potential to become energy "model"
Small energy-saving lamps, large grinding fluid concentrate filtration, Fuda Bearing Group Co., everywhere within the energy prints. Since 2009, a comprehensive energy-saving technological transformation undertaken since the starting point Fuda wind turbine bearing on investment in one step for all large-scale renovation of facilities, and more in subsequent amplification devices, the concept of energy saving in the first place, in accordance with government guidance priority to the purchase of various types of equipment with energy-saving features, not only bear part of the social responsibility of the enterprise's own direct economic benefits have also been reflected, according to estimates, since 2009, Fuda Bearing sales increase 30% annually in the context of rapidly rising energy consumption continued to decline year after year, in 2010 than last year yuan output value of unit energy consumption fell 6% after 1-8 months of this year is still down 5%.

Fuda Bearing is a professional production of high-end miniature bearings of private enterprises. In recent years, the RMB appreciation, rising labor costs and increased cost of doing business in an increasingly competitive market environment, companies recognize that internal potential energy saving, opening up new profit source is imperative. To this end, in 2009, Fuda Bearing invested over 400 million yuan to introduce 10 sets of large centralized filter box, bearing in Cixi industry first grinding fluid cooling system using centralized filtration, innovation will be more than one grinder oil, water, liquid concentrate filtration. This program not only changed in the past a grinder equipped with a small tank filtration process simple single loop, there is a lower filtration, grinding fluid smelly, liquid process operatives in Canada will result in waste and oil pollution, etc. shortcomings, but also greatly improves the filtering accuracy, so that product quality has improved significantly.

The early 20th century

 popular in the early 20th century in order to get a higher wear such layout functions, and soon replaced the new product. The early 20th century, 30 years, began to replace ball bearings rub graphite and bronze cylinder. The layout is not the type of bearing is firmly ...
Only the first clutch broke bearing graphite tube is placed in bronze or cast iron or forged steel trunnion, popular in the early 20th century in order to get a higher wear such layout functions, and soon replaced the new product. The early 20th century, 30 years, began to replace ball bearings rub graphite and bronze cylinder. The layout is not the type of bearing is firmly connected, but in order to be able to adapt to wear a request, contributed to the bearing and the clutch lever broke up with the tail, with the bearing surface of the friction material pads war has become a must. 30 years in the 20th century, the early, clutch wind turbine bearing exterior presents some of the more significant changes. Adoption group in the transmission output shaft guide bearings or bearing device needs a longer guide tube, difference soon after the completion of a double system of chaos. 40 years to 50 years age, the production system is an important improvement of the clutch broke the underlying purpose is to advance the size and low reliability. At this stage, the sealing material with the fat quality and great leap. Saponified grease relatively thick in terms of the growth decomposition thickener progressed significantly grease life. In addition, the new use of rubber decomposition, for example, polyacrylate, silicone resin and fluorine rubber, to enhance the temperature characteristics and chemical resistance sealed. All of these Received Date :2002 -09-10 identity are major advances in life expectancy of the bearings. Meanwhile, the sliding friction of plastic profiles for the first time, also cut the cost of the old plan. Manipulation of heavy cast iron yoke splines or placed in another way the rest of the machine shaft, the clutch at all break bearing system where the dominant position. In some environments, for these hardened steel fork coupled to more long-term durability results. 20th century, 60 years, broke the clutch system is an important component and growth policy is to cut costs.